What imaging modality is primarily used for functional brain studies?

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is the primary imaging modality used for functional brain studies because it provides valuable insights into the metabolic and biochemical processes occurring within the brain. Unlike structural imaging techniques such as CT and MRI, which primarily show the anatomy and structure of the brain, PET specifically detects the distribution of metabolic activity by using radiotracers, such as fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). This allows clinicians and researchers to observe brain activity in real-time, making it particularly useful for assessing conditions like epilepsy, tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases.

The ability of PET to visualize areas of increased or decreased glucose metabolism directly correlates with brain function, thus making it the preferred choice for studies aimed at understanding cerebral function and disease states. This functional imaging aspect is what sets PET apart from other modalities, emphasizing its importance in the realm of functional brain studies.